References for Glossary Terms

Adultification: Cooke, A. N., and Halberstadt, A. G. (2021). Adultification, anger bias, and adults’ different Perceptions of Black and White children. Cognition and Emotion, 35(7), 1416–1422. doi:10.1080/02699931.2021.1950127

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2023). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/aces/index.html

Authoritarian personality: Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D. J., and Sanford, R. N. (1950). The authoritarian personality. Harpers.

Black Panther Party for Self-Defense: History. (2023). Black Panthers. https://www.history.com/topics/Black-history/Black-panthers#the-fbi-and-cointelpro

Code of the Streets: Anderson, E. (1999). Code of the street: Decency, violence, and the moral life of the inner city. W. W. Norton & Co., Inc.

Cultural assimilation: Keefe, S. E., and Padilla, A. M. (1987). Chicano Ethnicity (1st ed.). University of New Mexico Press.

Disproportionate minority contact: Coalition for Juvenile Justice. (n.d.). Disproportionate Minority Contact. SOS Project. https://www.juvjustice.org/our-work/safety-opportunity-and-success-project/issue-areas/dmc

Double consciousness: Du Bois, W. E. B. (1903). The souls of Black folk. A.C. McClurg & Co.

Drug Scares: Reinarman, C., and Levine, H. G. (1997). Crack in America: Demon Drugs and Social Justice. Berkeley, University of California Press.

Environmental racism: Bullard, R. D. (1993). The Threat of Environmental Racism. Natural Resources & Environment, 7(3), 23–56. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40923229

Everyday racism: Essed, P. (1991). Understanding Everyday Racism: An Interdisciplinary Theory (1st ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Figuration: Elias, N. (1978). What Is Sociology? New York: Columbia University Press.

Group threat theory: Quillian, L. (2006). New Approaches to Understanding Racial Prejudice and Discrimination. Annual Review of Sociology, 32, 299–328. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.32.061604.123132

Interlocking oppressions and Intersectionality: Collins, P.H. (1986) Learning from the outsider within. The sociological significance of Black Feminist thought. Sociological Problems 33(6):14–32.

Matrix of domination: Andersen, Margaret, and Patricia Hill Collins. 1992. Race, Class, and Gender: An Anthology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub. Co.

Microaggressions: Limbong, A. (2020). Microaggressions are a big deal: How to talk them out and when to walk away. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2020/06/08/872371063/microaggressions-are-a-big-deal-how-to-talk-them-out-and-when-to-walk-away

Objective: Carl, J. D. (2013). Think Social Problems, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Opioid crisis: DeWeerdt, Sarah. 2019. “Tracing the US Opioid Crisis to Its Roots.” Nature 573 (7773): S10–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-02686-2.

Perceived reverse racism: Peucker, M. (2023). What is “reverse racism” – and what’s wrong with the term? Victoria University. https://www.vu.edu.au/about-vu/news-events/news/what-is-reverse-racism-and-whats-wrong-with-the-term

Racialized social control: Patel, T. G. (2018). Race/Ethnicity, Crime and Social Control: An Introduction. Social Sciences, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120271

Racialized socialization: Coard, S. I., and Sellers, R. M. (2005). African American Families as a Context for Racial Socialization. In V. C. McLoyd, N. E. Hill, and K. A. Dodge (Eds.), African American family life: Ecological and cultural diversity (pp. 264–284). The Guilford Press.

Scapegoat theory: Dollard, J., Miller, N. E., Doob, L. W., Mowrer, O. H., and Sears, R. R. (1939). Frustration and aggression. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/10022-000

Scientific racism: National Human Genome Research Institute. (2022). Eugenics and scientific racism. National Institutes of Health. https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/Eugenics-and-Scientific-Racism

Social construction: Berger, P. L., and Luckmann, T. (1966). The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Doubleday & Company.

Social control: Innes, M. (2003). Understanding social control: Crime and social order in late modernity. Open University Press.

Sociological imagination: Mills, C. W. (1959). The Sociological Imagination. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Status frustration theory: Cohen, A. K. (1955). Delinquent boys: The culture of the gang. Free Press.

Subculture of violence: Wolfgang, M. E. & Ferracuti, F. (1982). The Subculture of Violence: Towards an Integrated Theory in Criminology, SAGE Publications.

War on Drugs: Encyclopedia Britannica Editors. (2023). “War on Drugs | History & Mass Incarceration.” In https://www.britannica.com/topic/war-on-drugs