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6.8 Conclusion

Rural communities are more dynamic and diverse than you might think. America’s history of colonization and oppression, as well as growth and expansion, has shaped the country’s rural areas and settlement patterns. Rural America is increasingly diversifying and is not a single monolithic culture. The notion of a white, rural idyll has certainly been the predominant message in the media, but rural communities of color are challenging these ideas.

Urbanormative approaches in research and politics have historically ignored rural residents, leaving them vulnerable to incomprehensive crime prevention and treatment policies. Inadequacies and lack of resources in rural criminal justice agencies impact access to justice for rural people, which may be exacerbated for marginalized populations. People of color in rural communities face the same challenges as their rural white counterparts, as well as unique challenges as a result of their marginalized status. Inaccurate and racist depictions of Black, Indigenous, and Hispanic or Latinx people often situate them as dangerous criminals. Prejudice that may be even more concentrated in traditional and predominantly white rural communities can make people of color feel unwelcome or unsafe.

A better understanding of rural America can help us address the needs of various populations in these communities, remove barriers to justice, and improve life for those living in non-urban spaces.

Discussion Questions and Chapter Resources

Discussion questions

  1. How has urbanormativity impacted our understanding of rural communities and justice?
  2. How can the inaccurate representation of rural places and people in media impact marginalized rural communities?
  3. When it comes to achieving justice for victims, what do you think might be advantageous or disadvantageous about dense social networks (i.e., everyone knowing each other) in rural communities?
  4. How can we help improve access to justice for marginalized populations in rural areas?
  5. Activity: Pick a rural county in your state to explore online. What marginalized populations live in this area? What justice services are available? If you can find crime data from the law enforcement agencies in this county, are there disparities in arrests?

Chapter resources

  1. To learn more about rural stereotypes, see the Appalachian Emergency Room skit on Saturday Night Live [Streaming Video].
  2. Consider viewing the documentary about the “hillbilly” archetype and how it has been represented in media and culture at Hillbilly [Website].
  3. To learn more about MMIW, see the MMIW website.
  4. Consider listening to this podcast about MMIW: We Are Resilient [Podcast].

Licenses and Attributions for Conclusion

“Conclusion” by Jessica René Peterson is licensed under CC BY 4.0.

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Race, Crime and Injustice Copyright © by Shanell Sanchez, PhD and Jessica René Peterson, PhD is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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