3.9 References

The 2021 National School Climate Survey EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The Experiences of LGBTQ+ Youth in Our Nation’s Schools. 2022. GLSEN. https://www.glsen.org/research/2021-national-school-climate-survey.

Anderson, Monica, and Andrew Perrin. 2019. “Nearly One-in-Five Teens Can’t Always Finish Their Homework Because of the Digital Divide.” Pew Research Center. October 26, 2019. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/10/26/nearly-one-in-five-teens-cant-always-finish-their-homework-because-of-the-digital-divide/.

Article 19. n.d. Freedom of Expression and Women’s Equality : Ensuring Comprehensive Rights Protection.

Asma-na-hi Antoine, Rachel Mason, Roberta Mason, Sophia Palahicky, and Carmen Rodriguez de France. 2018. Pulling Together: A Guide for Curriculum Developers. Pressbooks. Victoria, BC: BCcampus.

Aspen Institute. n.d. “Glossary for Understanding the Dismantling Structural Racism/Promoting Racial Equity Analysis” https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/files/content/docs/rcc/RCC-Structural-Racism-Glossary.pdf

Athens, Lonnie. 2010. “Human Subordination from a Radical Interactionist’s Perspective.” Journal of the Theory of Social Behaviour 40(3): 339-368.

Bahgat, Karim, Kendra Dupuy et al. 2017. “Inequality and Armed Conflict: Evidence and Data.” Peace Research Institute. Oslo. Retrieved April 11, 2022 https://www.prio.org/publications/10538

Bonilla-Silva, E. 2003. Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and the persistence of racial inequality in the United States. New York: Rowman and Littlefield.

Bossio, Pedro, 2018. Exploring the Roots of Chronic Underdevelopment: The Colonial Encomienda and Resguardo and their Legacy to Modern Colombia” (2018). CUNY Academic Works. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2475

Brockett, Charles D. 1992. “Measuring Political Violence and Land Inequality in Central America.” The American Political Science Review 86, no. 1 (1992): 169–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/1964022.

Carrigan, Ana. 1993. The Palace of Justice: A Colombian Tragedy. Four Walls Eight Windows.

Coates, Ta-Nehisi. 2015. Between the World and Me. First edition. New York: Spiegel & Grau.

Collins F.S., Morgan M, Patrinos A. 2003. The Human Genome Project: lessons from large-scale biology. Science 2003;300:286–90.

Collins, Randall. 1981. “On the Microfoundations of Macrosociology.” American Journal of Sociology 86(5):984–1014. doi: 10.1086/227351.

Colomy, Paul. 2010. “Three Sociological Perspectives.” Pp 30-38 in Sociological Odyssey: Contemporary Readings in Introductory Sociology, 3rd edition, edited by P.A. Adler and P. Adler. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Connell, Raewyn. 2007. Southern Theory: The Global Dynamics of Knowledge in Social Science. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

Cooley, C. H. 1902. Human Nature and Social Order. New York, NY: C. Scribner’s Son.

Crow. Mathew S. and Katherine. Johnson, 2008. Race, Ethnicity, and Habitual-Offender Sentencing, 19 Criminal Justice Policy Review 63 (2008).

Daley, Bill. 2017. “Why LGBT Initialism Keeps Growing.” The Chicago Tribune, June 2. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2017/06/02/why-lgbt-initialism-keeps-growing/

Daniller, Andrew. 2021. “Pew Research Center.” Americans’ Views about Billionaires Have Grown Somewhat More Negative since 2020. Retrieved (https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/07/28/americans-views-about-billionaires-have-grown-somewhat-more-negative-since-2020/)

Federal Communications Commission. n.d. “Emergency Broadband Benefit Program.” FCC. https://www.fcc.gov/emergency-broadband-benefit-program.

Flores, A.R., Herman, J.L., Gates, G.J., and Brown, T.N.T. 2016. How Many Adults Identify as Transgender in the United States? Los Angeles, CA: The Williams Institute.

Gillin, Joel. 2015. “Understanding the Causes of Colombia’s Conflict: Inequality.” Colombia Reports. Retrieved October 3, 2022. https://colombiareports.com/understanding-colombias-conflict-inequality/.

GLAAD. 2023. Accelerating Acceptance: A Survey of American Acceptance and Attitudes toward LGBTQ Americans.

Go, Julian. 2016. Postcolonial Thought and Social Theory. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625139.001.0001

Gottschalk, Marie. 2015. It’s Not Just the Drug War. Jacobin. (March 5, 2015) Retrieved March 5, 2015

Hagemann, Dr. Karen. n.d. “Algerian War.” GWonline, UNC Chapel Hill Department of History, IT Research Computing, the Curriculum in Peace, War, and Defense and UNC Library and Information Technology. https://gwonline.unc.edu/node/11722.

Hallett, Tim and Marc J. Ventresca. 2006. “Inhabited Institutions: Social Interactions and Organizational Forms in Gouldner’s Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy.” Theory & Society 35: 213-236.

Harris, Rob, and Tovin Lapan, dirs. 2006. “Colombia: The Coca-Cola Controversy.”

Johns, Michelle M, Richard Lowry, Jack Andrzejewski, Lisa C. Barrios, Zewditu Demissie, Timothy McManus, Catherine N. Rasberry, Leah Robin, and J. Michael Underwood. 2019. Transgender Identity and Experiences of Violence Victimization, Substance Use, Suicide Risk, and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among High School Students—19 States and Large Urban School Districts, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2019;68:67–71. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6803a3

Kennemore, Amy, and Nancy Postero. 2020. “Reflections on Collaborative Ethnography and Decolonization in Latin America, Aotearoa, and Beyond.” Commoning Ethnography 3(1).

Korchak, Megan. 2022. “Decolonizing Prison: A Framework and Practices for Revisioning Incarceration.” in Decolonization and Justice: An Introductory Overview, edited by M. Asadullah, C. Cortez, G. Holding, S. Hamza, J. Smith, K. Schick, K. Mudyara, M. Korchak, N. Kimber, N. Shawush, and S. Dyck. University of Regina. https://opentextbooks.uregina.ca/decolonizingjustice/chapter/decolonization-and-prison/

Kozol, J. 1991. Savage inequalities: Children in America’s schools. New York: Crown Publishing.

Lardier, D. T., Pinto, S. A., Brammer, M. K., Garcia-Reid, P., and Reid, R. J. 2020. The relationship between queer identity, social connection, school bullying, and suicidal ideations among youth of color. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 14(2), 74–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/15538605.2020.1753623

Lorber, Judith. 2010. Gender Inequality: Feminist Theory and Politics.4th edition. New York: Oxford University Press.

McIntosh, P. 2003. White privilege: Unpacking the invisible knapsack. In S. Plous (Ed.), Understanding prejudice and discrimination (pp. 191–196). McGraw-Hill.

Morrison, Toni. 2000. The Bluest Eye. New York, Knopf.

National Museum of African American History and Culture. n.d. “Whiteness.” (https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race/topics/whiteness)

Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. 1994. Racial Formation in the United States: from the 1960s to the 1990s (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

“Our Story.” n.d. RACE TALKS: Uniting to Break the Chains of Racism. Retrieved (https://racetalkspdx.com/about/).

Oxfam. 2013. Divide and Purchase, Oxfam International https://www.oxfam.org/en/research/divide-and-purchase

Parsons, T. 1966. Societies: Evolutionary and comparative perspectives. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Paul, White. 2002. “The Santa Marta Massacre.” Colombiawar.Org. Retrieved (https://web.archive.org/web/20120717004708/http://www.icdc.com/~paulwolf/colombia/santamarta.htm).

Poasa, K. 1992. The Samoan fa’afafine: One case study and discussion of transsexualism. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 5(3), 39–51.

Ramirez Cabal, Mariana. 2023. “The Dark Side of Bananas: Imperialism, Non-State Actors, and Power.” Harvard International Review, June 9.

Renn, Kristen A. n.d. “Low-Income, First-Generation College Students.” Footnotes, vol. 50, no. 2, https://www.asanet.org/footnotes-article/low-income-first-generation-college-students/

Rochlin, J. 2011. Plan Colombia and the revolution in military affairs: the demise of the FARC. Review of International Studies, 37(2), 715–740. doi:10.1017/S0260210510000914

Rouse, Chair C., Jared Bernstein, Helen Knudsen, and Jeffery Zhang. 2021. “Exclusionary Zoning: Its Effect on Racial Discrimination in the Housing Market.” The White House. Last modified June 17, 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/cea/written-materials/2021/06/17/exclusionary-zoning-its-effect-on-racial-discrimination-in-the-housing-market/#:~:text=Exclusionary%20zoning%20laws%20place%20restrictions,o.

Shapiro, D., Dundar, A., Huie, F., Wakhungu, P., Yuan, X., Nathan, A. and Hwang, Y., A. 2017. A National View of Student Attainment Rates by Race and Ethnicity – Fall 2010 Cohort (Signature Report No. 12b). Herndon, VA: National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. (2017, April). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED580302

Sharpless, Richard E. 1978. Gaitán of Colombia: A Political Biography. University of Pittsburgh.

Southern Poverty Law Center. n.d. “In 2000 We Tracked 5 Hate Groups in Oregon.” https://www.splcenter.org/hate-map?year=2000&state=OR.

Sycamore, Mattilda Bernstein. 2008. That’s Revolting!: Queer Strategies for Resisting

Szalkowicz, Gerardo. 2022. “Francia Márquez: ‘The Vice Presidency Is a Means, the End Is to Achieve Peace and Dignity.’” People’s Dispatch, 5 July 2022, https://peoplesdispatch.org/2022/07/05/francia-marquez-the-vice-presidency-is-a-means-the-end-is-to-achieve-peace-and-dignity/.

“Tackling Colombia’s Next Generation in Arms.” 2022. International Crisis Group. Retrieved (https://www.crisisgroup.org/latin-america-caribbean/andes/colombia/tackling-colombias-next-generation-arms).

Terkel, Studs, dir. 1967. “Studs Terkel Interviews Professor Charles B. Hamilton on His Book Written with Stokely Carmichael on His Book, Entitled: ‘Black Power: Politics of Liberation in America’; Part 1.”

Truman, Jennifer L., and Rachel E. Morgan. 2022. Violent Victimization by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, 2017–2020. 304277. Bureau of Justice Statistics.

United Nations Refugee Agency. 2005. Smoke and Mirrors: Colombia’s Demobilization of Paramilitary Groups.

United Negro College Fund. n.d. Annual Report 2022.https://uncf.org/wp-content/uploads/uncf-ar-2022-annual-report-final-comp3.pdf?_ga=2.203398673.1055174554.1726534404-155254669.1726534404

Valencia, Robert. 2024. “Francia Márquez, Renowned Afro-Colombian Activist: What Environmental Racism Means To Me.” Earthjustice. Retrieved (https://earthjustice.org/article/francia-m-rquez-renowned-afro-colombian-activist-what-environmental-racism-means-to-me).

World Health Organization. 2024. Violence against Women.https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women

Zandt, Florian. 2024. How Common Are Hate Crimes Against Queer People? Statista.

Zuberi, T., and Bonilla-Silva, E. (Eds.) 2008. White logic, white methods: Racism and methodology. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.