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Unit Wordlist and Learning Resources

Unit Wordlist: The Digestive System

The following Terms and Concepts are important in the study of the Digestive System:

 

Alimentary canal:

mucosa

submucosa

muscularis

serosa

esophagus

upper esophageal sphincter

lower esophageal sphincter

oral cavity

oropharynx

pharynx

 

Accessory digestive organs:

teeth

tongue

bolus

submandibular gland

parotid gland

gallbladder

liver

pancreas

 

Stomach:

body

cardia

fundus

gastric pit

chief cell

parietal cell

g cell

gastric gland

enteroendocrine cell

mucosal barrier

pyloric sphincter

pylorus

ruga(e)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Small intestine:

circular fold (plica circulare)

duodenum

jejunum

Ileum

ileocecal sphincter

lacteal

microvillus

brush border

villus

 

Large intestine:

anal canal

ascending colon

appendix

cecum

intestinal gland

colon

bacterial flora

descending colon

external anal sphincter

haustrum

feces

flatus

internal anal sphincter

rectum

sigmoid colon

transverse colon

 

Liver:

common bile duct

common hepatic duct

hepatic lobule

hepatic portal vein

hepatic vein

hepatocytes

portal triad

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pancreas:

acinus

 

main pancreatic duct

 

Phases of Digestion:

cephalic phase

gastric phase

intestinal phase

 

Digestive Actions:

absorption

mechanical digestion

chemical digestion

defecation

deglutition

gastric emptying

ingestion

mastication

mixing wave

motility

peristalsis

salivation

segmentation

 

Digestive Enzymes:

aminopeptidase

lingual lipase

pancreatic amylase

pancreatic lipase

pancreatic nuclease

salivary amylase

 

Digestive Secretions / Fluids:

bile

bilirubin

chyme

hydrochloric acid (HCl)

intestinal juice

pancreatic juice

pepsinogen

pepsin

saliva

 

Digestive Hormones:

gastrin

motilin

 

 

 

 

 

 

definition

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Introduction to Human Anatomy & Physiology: A Multilingual Approach Copyright © by Rachel Thwing; Hugh Jarrard; Ann DeChenne; Kiana Pigao; and Zach Ellsworth is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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