Image Description for Figure 4.2

Six concentric circles, showing the ecological systems by level of generality with the individual in the middle. Each circle is also connected to the next largest and next smallest circle with two-headed arrows, indicating a bidirectional relationship between all levels.

Inner circle shows a Black girl with pigtails. Her attributes include:

• Attachment
• Racial-ethnic identity
• Internal working model

Second circle shows the attributes of this girl’s microsystem which include:

• Mentors
• Spiritual community
• Teachers
• Social media
• Health providers
• Parents
• Peers

Third circle shows the mesosystem which is visualized with two arrows showing the connections among the elements of the microsystem.

Fourth circle shows the attributes of this girl’s exosystem which include:

• Neighbors
• Foster care system
• Physical and mental health systems
• Parent’s workplace
• Extended family & fictive kin
• School system
• Juvenile justice system
• Mass media

Fifth circle shows the attributes of this girls’ macrosystem which include

• Systemic racism
• Cultural strengths
• Colorism
• Public policy

Sixth circle shows the attributes of this girl’s chronosystem which include

• Black Lives Matter Movement
• Historical & intergenerational trauma

Return to Figure 4.2

Image Description for Figure 4.3

The SHARP framework helps interns assess and address the impacts of poverty on delivering human services. Some questions help the intern identify historical and structural factors that impact the client’s presenting condition. Other questions focus on how the intern will act, such as identifying strengths, leveraging power, or maintaining the status quo. It is easy to oversimplify client issues, and the SHARP framework helps orient interns to the structural and historical context in which services are provided.

Return to Figure 4.3

Image Description for Figure 4.4

A wheel with three rings divided into sections of attributes.

Inner ring shows individual characteristics. Attributes include:

• Values
• Beliefs
• Motivations
• Skills
• Behaviors
• Goals

Middle ring shows social identities. Attributes include:

• Nationality
• First Language
• Religion
• Ability
• Neurodiversity
• Health
• Body size
• Age
• Sex
• Gender
• Sexuality
• Race
• Culture
• Ethnicity
• Socioeconomic Status (SES)
• Geography

Outer Ring shows roles and relationships. Attributes include:

• Job
• Hobbies
• Family
• Friendships
• Professional
• Interests

Return to Figure 4.4