Attributions and References for Glossary Terms

Achievement gap: Great Schools Partnership. 2013. “Achievement Gap Definition.” The Glossary of Education Reform. May 15, 2013. https://www.edglossary.org/achievement-gap/.

Action research: San Francisco State University. n.d. “Community Engaged Scholarship | Institute for Civic and Community Engagement (ICCE).” Icce.sfsu.edu. Accessed June 18, 2023. https://icce.sfsu.edu/community-engaged-scholarship#:~:text=Community%2Dbased%20Research%20takes%20place.

Addiction: National Institute on Drug Abuse. 2020. “Drug Misuse and Addiction | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).” https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/drug-misuse-addiction.

Adverse childhood experiences: Centers for Disease Control (CDC). n.d. We Can Prevent Childhood Adversity. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/images/infographic/dvp-ACEsInfographicData.jpg.

Ageism and life course definitions is from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Anti-racist: Kendi, Ibram X. 2019. How To Be an Anti-Racist. New York: One World. https://fandm.on.worldcat.org/oclc/1035797624

Banking model of education: Freire, Paulo. 1970. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York, NY: Seabury Press.

Blended families definition adapted from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Bluelining, redlining, residential segregation definitions from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B. Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Bodily autonomy: Artim, Rebeka, et al. n.d. “What Is Bodily Autonomy?” United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved November 24, 2023. www.unfpa.org/sowp-2021/autonomy#:~:text=Bodily%20autonomy%20means%20that%20we,you%20want%20to%20become%20pregnant.

Chosen family definition adapted from Introduction to LGBTQ+ Studies: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach by State University of New York is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

Claim: Best, Joel. 2020. “The Social Problems of COVID-19.” In The Social Problems of COVID-19: Volume 1: US Perspectives, edited by Glen W. Muschert, Kristen M. Budd, Michelle Christian, David C. Lane, and Jason A. Smith, 1st ed. Vol. 1. Bristol, UK: Bristol University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv15d81tx.

Claimsmakers: Best, Joel. 2020. “The Social Problems of COVID-19.” In The Social Problems of COVID-19: Volume 1: US Perspectives, edited by Glen W. Muschert, Kristen M. Budd, Michelle Christian, David C. Lane, and Jason A. Smith, 1st ed. Vol. 1. Bristol, UK: Bristol University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv15d81tx.

Class, income, socioeconomic status, and stratification definitions from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Collective action: Sekiwu, Denis, and Johnson Okan. 2022. “Sociology of the COVID-19 Lockdown: Critical Analysis of Its Effects on Private School Teacher Wellbeing.” In Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design, edited by Jared Keengwe, 292–313. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9542-8.ch017.

Collectivist, individualistic, nuclear family,origin definitions from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B. Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Colonialism: Anon. 2023. “Colonialism Definition & Meaning.” Merriam-Webster. Retrieved November 24, 2023 (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/colonialism).

Colonization definition from Social Change In Societies by Aimee Krouskop licensed CC BY 4.0

Community cultural wealth: Yosso, Tara J. 2023. “Personal Communication, Tara Yosso Definition of Community Cultural Capital,” November 6, 2023.

Community Organizations in Active Disaster (COADs): Montgomery County Government. 2023. “Montgomery County, Maryland Organizations Active in Disaster (COAD).” MontgomeryCountyMD.Gov: Office of Emergency Management and Homeland Security. Retrieved November 24, 2023 https://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/oemhs/involved/coad.html.

Conflict Theory, Functionalism, and Symbolic Interactionism from “Social Problems: Continuity and Change” (table) by University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing Licence: CC BY-NC-SA

Consent: Adapted from Planned Parenthood, dir. 2015. How Do You Know If Someone Wants to Have Sex with You? | Planned Parenthood Video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNN3nAevQKY.

Conspicuous consumption definition adapted from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Contested illness, medicalization, medical sociology, morbidity, mortality, private healthcare, public healthcare, sick role, socialized medicine, underinsured, and universal healthcare definitions from definition from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Correlation and education definitions are from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

COVID-19: “Coronavirus.” N.d. Accessed December 9, 2023. https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus.

Criminalization: “Definition of Criminalize.” 2023. November 30, 2023. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/criminalize.

Cultural appropriation: O’Keefe, Alex. 2020. “Research Guides: Learn & Unlearn: Anti-Racism Resource Guide: Cultural Appropriation.” School of the Art Institute of Chicago. October 30, 2020. https://libraryguides.saic.edu/learn_unlearn/culturalcompetence2.

Cultural assimilation, digital divide, genocide, prejudice, and discrimination definitions are from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Cultural Humility definition is from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B.Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Cultural universals, culture definitions from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Death positivity definition is from On Death and Dying by Jacqueline Lewis, licensed CC BY 4.0.

Decriminalization: Galvin, Deborah. 2014. “Workplace Issues Related to the Decriminalization/Legalization Of Marijuana.” https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/galvin-marijuana-update-dtab-sept-2014.pdf

Dependent variable, independent variable, hypothesis, qualitative research, quantitative research, and research methods definitions from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tanja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang is licensed CC BY 4.0.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): American Psychiatric Association. 2013. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Arlington VA: American Psychiatric Association. http://repository.poltekkes-kaltim.ac.id/657/1/Diagnostic%20and%20statistical%20manual%20of%20mental%20disorders%20_%20DSM-5%20%28%20PDFDrive.com%20%29.pdf.

Disaster recovery: Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA). n.d. “Chapter 11: Community Disaster Recovery.” https://training.fema.gov/hiedu/docs/fem/chapter%2011%20-%20community%20disaster%20recovery.doc#:~:text=Disaster%20recovery%20is%20the%20phase,recovered%20from%20the%20disaster’s%20impacts.

Disaster resilience: Adapted from Arcaya, Mariana, Ethan J. Raker, and Mary C. Waters. 2020. “The Social Consequences of Disasters: Individual and Community Change.” Annual Review of Sociology 46 (1): 671–91. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-121919-054827

Disaster response: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2013. “Emergency Management in The United States Unit 4.” https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/downloads/is111_unit%204.pdf.

Disconnection: Putnam, Robert. 2001. Bowling Alone. London, England: Simon & Schuster.

Disenfranchised grief: Bordere, Darcy L., and Tashel C. Harris. 2016. Handbook of Social Justice in Loss and Grief. Taylor and Francis.

Disparity: Child Welfare Information Gateway. 2021. “Child Welfare Practice to Address Racial Disproportionality and Disparity.” US Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Children’s Bureau. https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubpdfs/racial_disproportionality.pdf.

Disproportionality: Child Welfare Information Gateway. 2021. “Child welfare practice to address racial disproportionality and disparity.” U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Children’s Bureau. Retrieved October 24, 2023. (https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/issue-briefs/racialdisproportionality/).

Ecofeminism: Mondal, Gourish Chandra, and Palash Majumder. 2019. “Ecofeminism: Encouraging Interconnectedness with Our Environment in Modern Society.” American Journal of Educational Research 7 (7): 482–84. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-7-7-7.

End of life: Hui, David, Zohra Nooruddin, Neha Didwaniya, Rony Dev, Maxine De La Cruz, Sun Hyun Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Ronald Hutchins, Christiana Liem, and Eduardo Bruera. 2014. “Concepts and Definitions for ‘Actively Dying,’ ‘End of Life,’ ‘Terminally Ill,’ ‘Terminal Care,’ and ‘Transition of Care’: A Systematic Review.” NIH: National Library of Medicine. Retrieved November 24, 2023 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3870193/.

Environmental justice definition by Kim Puttman is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Adapted from “Dumping in Dixie: Race, Class, and Environmental Quality” by Robert D. Bullard, Westview Press.

Epidemiology definition from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Equity definition is from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B.Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Ethnicity definition adapted from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B.Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Feminist theory definition from Sociology in Everyday Life by Matt Goughtery and Jennifer Puentes, licensed CC BY 4.0.

Gender definition adapted from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B.Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Gender expression: Human Rights Campaign. 2023. “Glossary of Terms.” Human Rights Campaign. May 31, 2023. https://www.hrc.org/resources/glossary-of-terms.

Gender identity: Human Rights Campaign. 2023. “Glossary of Terms.” Human Rights Campaign. May 31, 2023. https://www.hrc.org/resources/glossary-of-terms.

Good death: Gustafson, David H. 2007. “A Good Death.” NIH: National Library of Medicine. Retrieved November 24, 2023 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1874514/.

Green burial: Green Burial Council. n.d. “Green Burial Council.” GREEN BURIAL COUNCIL. Accessed September 6, 2022. https://www.greenburialcouncil.org/.

Harm reduction: “Harm Reduction Principles.” n.d. National Harm Reduction Coalition (blog). Accessed December 7, 2023. https://harmreduction.org/about-us/principles-of-harm-reduction/.

Hashtag activism: Pratim, Manash. 2018. “Social Media and Hashtag Activism.” Pp. 252–62 in Liberty Dignity and Change In Journalism. Kanishka Publication. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326655352_Social_Media_and_Hashtag_Activism

Health: World Health Organization. 1946. “Constitution of the World Health Organization.” UN World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/about/governance/constitution.

Heteronormativity: American Psychological Association. 2023. “Heteronormativity.” In APA Dictionary of Psychology. Washington DC: American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/heteronormativity.

Heteropatriarchy: Everett, Bethany G., Aubrey Limburg, Patricia Homan, and Morgan M. Philbin. 2022. “Structural Heteropatriarchy and Birth Outcomes in the United States.” NIH: National Library of Medicine. Retrieved November 24, 2023 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9179016/).

Historical trauma: Administration for Children and Families. n.d. “Trauma.” US Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 24, 2023. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/trauma-toolkit/trauma-concept.

Homelessness: US Department of Housing and Urban Development. 2012. “At A Glance: Criteria and Recordkeeping Requirements for Definition of Homeless.” https://files.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/HomelessDefinition_RecordkeepingRequirementsandCriteria.pdf.

Housing insecurity: Goldrick-Rab, Sara, Christine Baker-Smith, Vanessa Coca, Elizabeth Looker, and Tiffany Williams. 2019. “College and University Basic Needs Insecurity: A National #RealCollege Survey Report.” https://hope.temple.edu/sites/hope/files/media/document/HOPE_realcollege_National_report_digital.pdf

Identity first language: Brown, Lydia. 2012. “Identity-First Language – Autistic Self Advocacy Network.” Https://Autisticadvocacy.Org/ (blog). March 2, 2012. https://autisticadvocacy.org/about-asan/identity-first-language/.

Immigration industrial complex: Golash-Boza, Tanya. 2009. “The Immigration Industrial Complex: Why We Enforce Immigration Policies Destined to Fail.” Sociology Compass 3 (2): 295–309. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00193.x.

Indigenous people: United Nations. n.d. “Indigenous Peoples.” United Nations. United Nations. Accessed September 5, 2022. https://www.un.org/en/fight-racism/vulnerable-groups/indigenous-peoples.

Indigenous science definition from Knowing Home: Braiding Indigenous Science With Western Science, Book 1 by Gloria Snively and Wanosts’a7 Lorna Williams, licensed CC BY NC SA 4.0

Interdependence: Schwalbe, Michael. 2018. The Sociologically Examined Life: Pieces of the Conversation. Fifth Edition. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Interpretive framework definition adapted from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0

Legalization: Galvin, Deborah. 2014. “Workplace Issues Related to Decriminalization/Legalization of Marijuana.” Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), September. https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/galvin-marijuana-update-dtab-sept-2014.pdf.

Life expectancy: Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban. 2017. “‘Life Expectancy’ – What Does This Actually Mean?” Our World in Data. Retrieved November 24, 2023 https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy-how-is-it-calculated-and-how-should-it-be-interpreted.

Marginalization: Oxford Reference. n.d. “Marginalization.” Oxford Reference. Accessed June 14, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100133827.

“Mass Incarceration” and “The New Jim Crow” definitions from “Race, Identity, and the Criminal Justice System” by Alexandra Olsen, Matt Gougherty, and Jennifer Puentes, Sociology in Everyday Life, which is licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Matrix of domination: Andersen, Margaret, and Patricia Hill Collins. 1992. Race, Class, and Gender: An Anthology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub. Co.

Medical model of disability: Thierfeld Brown, Jane. 2023. “Autism/Neurodiversity and the College Campus.” Slides, Oregon Coast Community College, April.

Mental health: American Psychological Association. 2023. “APA Dictionary of Psychology: Mental Health Definition.” 2023. https://dictionary.apa.org/mental-health.

Mental illness: Mayo Clinic Staff. 2022. “Mental Illness – Symptoms and Causes.” Mayo Clinic. December 13, 2022. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/symptoms-causes/syc-20374968.

Mental wellness: McGroarty, Beth. 2021. “Industry Research: Defining ‘Mental Wellness’ vs. ‘Mental Health.’” Global Wellness Institute. Retrieved November 8, 2023 https://globalwellnessinstitute.org/global-wellness-institute-blog/2021/02/23/industry-research-defining-mental-wellness-vs-mental-health/.

Microaggression: Alvoid, Tiffany, dir. 2019. Eliminating Microaggressions: The Next Level of Inclusion. H.264 video. https://www.ted.com/talks/tiffany_alvoid_eliminating_microaggressions_the_next_level_of_inclusion.

Mixed status family: National Immigration Law Center. 2022. “The Affordable Care Act & Mixed-Status Families.” National Immigration Law Center. October 2022. https://www.nilc.org/issues/health-care/aca_mixedstatusfams/.

Nativism: Kešić, Josip, and Jan Willem Duyvendak. 2019. “The Nation under Threat: Secularist, Racial and Populist Nativism in the Netherlands.” Patterns of Prejudice 53 (5): 441–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/0031322X.2019.1656886.

Neurodiversity: Walker, Nick. 2021. “Neurodiversity: Some Basic Terms and Definitions.” Neuroqueer: The Writings of Dr. Nick Walker. 2021. https://neuroqueer.com/neurodiversity-terms-and-definitions/.

Norm definition is from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0

Opioid crisis: DeWeerdt, Sarah. 2019. “Tracing the US Opioid Crisis to Its Roots.” Nature. Retrieved November 8, 2023 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02686-2.

Palliative care: “Definition of Palliative Care | What Is Palliative Care?” N.d. Accessed December 9, 2023. https://getpalliativecare.org/whatis/.

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: “Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act – Glossary.” N.d. HealthCare.Gov. Accessed December 9, 2023. https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/patient-protection-and-affordable-care-act.

Person first language: National Institutes of Health. 2022. “Person-First and Destigmatizing Language.” National Institutes of Health (NIH). August 11, 2022. https://www.nih.gov/nih-style-guide/person-first-destigmatizing-language.

Poverty definition from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Power: Fox Piven, Frances. 2008. Review of Can Power from below Change the World? Edited by Vincent Roscigno and Randy Hodson. American Sociological Review 73 (1): 1–14. https://www.asanet.org/wp-content/uploads/savvy/images/asa/docs/pdf/2007%20Presidential%20Address%20(Piven)%20ASR%20Feb%202008.pdf.

Prejudice definition adapted from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Private prisons definition is adapted from “Race, Identity, and the Criminal Justice System” by Alexandra Olsen, Matt Gougherty, and Jennifer Puentes, Sociology in Everyday Life, which is licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Privilege: Johnson, Allan G. (2018). Privilege, Power and Difference (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

Protest: “Definition of Protest.” 2023. November 28, 2023. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/protest.

Queer: Kapitan, Alex. 2010. “What’s In A Word: Queer.” Radical Copywriter (blog). October 10, 2010. https://radicalcopyeditor.com/2021/10/10/queer/.

Queer theory definition from Introduction to Sociology 2e by Heather Griffiths et al., licensed CC BY 4.0.

Racial disparity: Children’s Bureau. 2021. “Child Welfare Practice to Address Racial Disproportionality and Disparity.” Bulletins for Professionals. Children’s Bureau: An Office of the Administration for Children and Families. https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubpdfs/racial_disproportionality.pdf.

Racial trauma: Jernigan, Maryam, Carlton Green, Leyla Pérez-Gualdrón, Marcia Liu, Kevin Henze, Cynthia Chen, Kisha Bazelais, Anmol Satiani, Ethan Mereish, and Janet Helms. n.d. “#racialtraumaisreal.” https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/bc1/schools/lsoe/sites/isprc/racialtraumaisreal.pdf

Racism: Kendi, Ibram X. 2019. How To Be An Antiracist. New York: One World.

Religion definition from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Reproductive justice: Beaumonis, Zsea, and Candace Bond-Theriault. 2017. “Queering Reproductive Justice: A Toolkit.” National LGBTQ Task Force. https://www.thetaskforce.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Queering-Reproductive-Justice-A-Toolkit-FINAL.pdf.

Resilience gentrification: Gould, Kenneth A., and Tammy L. Lewis. 2021. “Resilience Gentrification: Environmental Privilege in an Age of Coastal Climate Disasters.” Frontiers in Sustainable Cities 3 (August). https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2021.687670.

Risk environment: Rhodes, Tim. 2002. “The ‘Risk Environment’: A Framework for Understanding and Reducing Drug-Related Harm.” International Journal of Drug Policy – INT J DRUG POLICY 13 (June): 85–94.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3959(02)00007-5.

Role definition adapted from Contemporary Families: An Equity Lens 2e by Elizabeth B.Pearce, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Rural: US Census Bureau. 2017. “One in Five Americans Live in Rural Areas.” Census.Gov. August 9, 2017. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2017/08/rural-america.html.

Sexual orientation: Flanders, C. E., M. Robinson, M. M. Legge, and L. A. Tarasoff. 2016. “Negative Identity Experiences of Bisexual and Other Non-Monosexual People: A Qualitative Report.” Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 20 (2): 152–72. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/19359705.2015.1108257.

Social agency definition is from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0

Social capital definition is from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0

Social determinants of health: WHO Team. 2013. “Social Determinants of Health: Key Concepts.” World Health Organization. Retrieved November 24, 2023 (https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/social-determinants-of-health-key-concepts).

Social identity: Johnson, Allan G. 2014. The Forest and the Trees: Sociology as Life, Practice and Promise. 3rd ed. Temple University Press.

Social justice: Bell, L. A., Maurianne Adams, and Pat Griffin (eds). 2007. “Theoretical Foundations for Social Justice Education.” In Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice, 2nd Ed, 1–14. New York, NY, US: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.

Social location: Brown, Tiffany, Chalandra Bryant, Daphne Hernandez, Elizabeth Holman, Miriam Muslow, and Kristy Shih. 2019. “Inclusion and Diversity Committee Report: What’s Your Social Location?: Highlights from the Special Session at the 2018 NCFR Annual Conference.” NCFR Report 64 (1). https://www.ncfr.org/ncfr-report/spring-2019/inclusion-and-diversity-social-location.

Social movements definition from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Social problem: Leon-Guerrero, Anna. 2016. Social Problems: Community, Policy, and Social Action. 6th ed. Sage Publications.

Social structure, sociology, theory, and stigma definitions adapted from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary by Kenton Bell, which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Society definition from Introduction to Sociology 3e by Tanja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, and Asha Lal Tamang is licensed CC BY 4.0.

Sociological imagination: Mills, C. Wright. 1959. The Sociological Imagination. New York, NY: Oxford Press.

Standpoint theory: Smith, Dorothy. 1977. Feminism and Marxism: A Place to Begin, A Way to Go. Vancouver BC: New Star Books.

Structural Functionalism definition from Sociology: Understanding and Changing the Social World by University of Minnesota, licensed CC BY SA 4.0.

Substance use disorder: Saxon, Andrew. 2023. “Addiction and Substance Use Disorders.” American Psychiatric Association. 2023. https://www.psychiatry.org:443/patients-families/addiction-substance-use-disorders.

Traditional Ecological Knowledge: National Park Service. 2023. “Overview.” Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Ecological Knowledge. June 29, 2023. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/tek/description.htm

Trauma: Onderko, Karen. 2018. “What Is Trauma?” Unyte Integrated Listening (blog). September 13, 2018. https://integratedlistening.com/blog/what-is-trauma/.

Under-resourced communities: Eberhardt, Peter, Howard Wail, and Devon Yee. 2020. “The New Face of Under-Resourced Communities.” Initiative for a Competitive Inner City. https://icic.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/The-New-Face-of_Under-Resourced-Communities.pdf.

Underserved communities: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2023. “Glossary.” 2023. https://www.fema.gov/about/glossary/u.

Undocumented: Immigrants Rising. 2023. “Defining Undocumented.” IMMIGRANTS RISING (blog). August 2023. https://immigrantsrising.org/resource/defining-undocumented/.

Value definition is from the Open Education Sociological Dictionary which is licensed CC BY SA 4.0

Vertical communications: Serra, Anna, J. David Tàbara, and Ilan Chabay. 1/11/20211. “Assessing the Role of Vertical and Horizontal Communication in Disaster Risk Reduction Learning and Planning: The Case of the Spanish Tous Dam-Break, 1982.” 1/11/20211. https://www.preventionweb.net/files/18197_204chabayetal.assessingtheroleofver.pdf.

War on drugs: Encyclopedia Britannica Editors. 2023b. “War on Drugs | History & Mass Incarceration.” In https://www.britannica.com/topic/war-on-drugs.

“War on Drugs” definition from “Current Issues and Crime Problems in Corrections” by Sam Arungwa, Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System. Modifications: lightly edited.

Weathering: Geronimus, D. A. T. (2023). Weathering: The Extraordinary Stress of Ordinary Life in an Unjust Society. Little, Brown Spark.

White Privilege: MP Associates. 2023. “Racial Equity Tools Glossary.” Center for Assessment and Policy Development, and World Trust Educational Services. July 2022. https://www.racialequitytools.org/glossary.

Worldview: Johnson, Allan G. 2014. The Forest and the Trees: Sociology As Life, Practice, and Promise. 3rd ed. Temple University Press.